193 lines
2.8 KiB
TeX
193 lines
2.8 KiB
TeX
% 2026, Prof. Dr. Matthias Jung (DL9MJ)
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% FELDWELLENWIDERSTAND
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\begin{tikzpicture}
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\begin{axis}[
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name=mainaxis,
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width=\linewidth,
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height=0.66*\linewidth,
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xmode=log,
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ymode=log,
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xmin=0.01,
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xmax=100,
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ymin=1,
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ymax=100000,
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domain=0.01:100,
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samples=500,
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clip=false,
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xlabel={
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Distanz, normiert:
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$\displaystyle
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x=\frac{d}{\lambda/(2\pi)}
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$
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},
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ylabel={
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Feldwellenwiderstand:
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$\displaystyle
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Z_\mathrm{F}
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=
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\left|\frac{\underline E}{\underline H}\right|
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\text{ in }\unit{\ohm}
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$
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},
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tick label style={
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font=\normalsize
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},
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xtick={0.01,0.1,1,10,100},
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xticklabels={
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{$0{,}01$},
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{$0{,}1$},
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{$1$},
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{$10$},
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{$100$}
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},
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grid=both,
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]
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% Feldwellenwiderstand des elektrischen Dipols:
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%
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% Z_el = Z0 * sqrt[
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% (x^4 - x^2 + 1) /
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% (x^2 * (1 + x^2))
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% ]
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%
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\addplot[
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DARCorange,
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very thick
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]
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{
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376.730313668
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*
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sqrt(
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(x^4 - x^2 + 1)
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/
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(x^2 * (1 + x^2))
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)
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};
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% Feldwellenwiderstand der magnetischen Loop:
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%
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% Z_mag = Z0 * sqrt[
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% (x^2 * (1 + x^2)) /
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% (x^4 - x^2 + 1)
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% ]
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%
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\addplot[
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DARCgreen,
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very thick
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]
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{
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376.730313668
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*
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sqrt(
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(x^2 * (1 + x^2))
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/
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(x^4 - x^2 + 1)
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)
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};
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% Feldwellenwiderstand des freien Raumes
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\draw[
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black,
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dashed,
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line width=0.9pt
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]
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(axis cs:0.01,376.730313668)
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--
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(axis cs:100,376.730313668);
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\node[
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anchor=south west,
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]
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at (axis cs:0.02,400)
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{
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$\displaystyle Z_0\approx\qty{377}{\ohm}$
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};
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% Grenze reaktives Nahfeld:
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% r = lambda/(2 pi), also x = 1
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\draw[
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black,
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dashed,
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line width=1pt
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]
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(axis cs:1,1)
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--
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(axis cs:1,100000);
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\node[
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anchor=north west
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]
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at (axis cs:1.05,50000)
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{
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$\displaystyle d=\frac{\lambda}{2\pi}$
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};
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% Grenze Fernfeld:
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% r = 4 lambda entspricht x = 8 pi
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\draw[
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black,
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dashed,
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line width=1pt
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]
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(axis cs:{8*pi},1)
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--
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(axis cs:{8*pi},100000);
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\node[
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anchor=north west
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]
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at (axis cs:{8*pi*1.03},50000)
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{
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$\displaystyle d=4\lambda$
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};
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% Feldbereiche
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\node[
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anchor=south,
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font=\scriptsize\bfseries
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]
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at (axis cs:0.1,130000)
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{Reaktives Nahfeld};
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\node[
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anchor=south,
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font=\scriptsize\bfseries
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]
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at (axis cs:5,130000)
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{Strahlendes Nahfeld};
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\node[
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anchor=south,
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font=\scriptsize\bfseries
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]
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at (axis cs:50,130000)
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{Fernfeld};
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% Erläuterung des elektrischen Dipols
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\node[
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anchor=west,
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fill=white,
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draw=DARCorange,
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align=left
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]
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at (axis cs:0.025,40000)
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{
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Elektrischer Dipol
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};
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% Erläuterung der magnetischen Loop
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\node[
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anchor=west,
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fill=white,
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draw=DARCgreen,
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align=left
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]
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at (axis cs:0.025,3)
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{
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Magnetische Loop
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};
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\end{axis}
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\end{tikzpicture} |