50ohm-contents-dl/contents/slides/spanningsomvandlare.md at 7c420b241bcdc3da597bdf4fe15f85df277dcf05

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SuperminarenandClaude Sonnet 5.5 f7fa8cfbc1 Swedish adaptation: Instegscertifikat and HAREC content

- Sections and slides rewritten in Swedish; German law and institutions replaced by
  Swedish/CEPT/ITU equivalents (PTS, SSA, PTSFS 2025:1, SSMFS 2008:18), unverified
  statements marked "% TODO VERIFY"
- New toc: INSTEG, HAREC, UPPGRADERING; section idents are Swedish (see ident-map.tsv)
- Exam-question tags, BNetzA question pool, solutions and the German SWL course removed
- Static pages, snippets, applets, READMEs and image alt-texts translated
- TikZ labels translated; SVG drawings regenerated (drawing 689 still fails to build
  upstream: it references a missing photo)
- Changed from the original: not endorsed by DARC e.V., SSA or PTS

Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 5.5 <[email protected]>

2026-10-10 15:03:03 +02:00

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[photo:299:StepUpDownWandler: Nedväxlande (buck) och uppväxlande (boost) omvandlare] * Omvandlar likspänningar $\rightarrow$ DC/DC-omvandlare * t.ex. från $\qty{13,8}{\volt}$ till $\qty{5}{\volt}\rightarrow$ step-DOWN (nedväxlare) * t.ex. från $\qty{12}{\volt}$ till $\qty{19}{\volt}\rightarrow$ step-UP (uppväxlare) Buck-boost-omvandlaren på bilden kan ställas in från 0,5 V till 25 V på utgången. Maximal effekt är 25 W. --- ### Verkningsgrad

Förluster uppstår i kopplingens komponenter
Verkningsgrad \eta, oftast angiven i \%

$\eta = \frac{P_{\mathrm{out}}}{P_{\mathrm{in}}}$

Lösningsgång

givet: U_{\textrm{in}} = \qty{12}{\volt}
givet: U_{\textrm{out}} = \qty{5}{\volt}
givet: I_{\textrm{in}} = \qty{2}{\ampere}
givet: I_{\textrm{out}} = \qty{3}{\ampere}
sökt: \eta

$\begin{split} \eta &= \frac{P_{\mathrm{out}}}{P_{\mathrm{in}}} = \frac{U_{\mathrm{out}} \cdot I_{\mathrm{out}}}{U_{\mathrm{in}} \cdot I_{\mathrm{in}}}\\ &= \frac{\qty{5}{\volt} \cdot \qty{3}{\ampere}}{\qty{12}{\volt} \cdot \qty{2}{\ampere}} = \frac{\qty{15}{\watt}}{\qty{24}{\watt}} = \num{0,625} = \qty{62,5}{\percent} \end{split}$ --- * givet: $U_{\mathrm{in}} = \qty{5}{\volt}$ * givet: $U_{\mathrm{out}} = \qty{12}{\volt}$ * givet: $I_{\mathrm{in}} = \qty{3}{\ampere}$ * givet: $I_{\mathrm{out}} = \qty{1}{\ampere}$ * sökt: $\eta$ $\begin{split} \eta &= \frac{P_{\mathrm{out}}}{P_{\mathrm{in}}} = \frac{U_{\mathrm{out}} \cdot I_{\mathrm{out}}}{U_{\mathrm{in}} \cdot I_{\mathrm{in}}}\\ &= \frac{\qty{12}{\volt} \cdot \qty{1}{\ampere}}{\qty{5}{\volt} \cdot \qty{3}{\ampere}} = \frac{\qty{12}{\watt}}{\qty{15}{\watt}} = \num{0,8} = \qty{80}{\percent} \end{split}$

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