diff --git a/internal/audio/batch_audio.go b/internal/audio/batch_audio.go
deleted file mode 100644
index 3887e591..00000000
--- a/internal/audio/batch_audio.go
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,626 +0,0 @@
-//go:build cgo
-
-package audio
-
-import (
-	"context"
-	"fmt"
-	"runtime"
-	"sync"
-	"sync/atomic"
-	"time"
-	"unsafe"
-
-	"github.com/jetkvm/kvm/internal/logging"
-	"github.com/rs/zerolog"
-)
-
-// BatchAudioProcessor manages batched CGO operations to reduce syscall overhead
-type BatchAudioProcessor struct {
-	// Statistics - MUST be first for ARM32 alignment (int64 fields need 8-byte alignment)
-	stats BatchAudioStats
-
-	// Control
-	ctx           context.Context
-	cancel        context.CancelFunc
-	logger        *zerolog.Logger
-	batchSize     int
-	batchDuration time.Duration
-
-	// Batch queues and state (atomic for lock-free access)
-	readQueue    chan batchReadRequest
-	writeQueue   chan batchWriteRequest
-	initialized  int32
-	running      int32
-	threadPinned int32
-	writePinned  int32
-
-	// Buffers (pre-allocated to avoid allocation overhead)
-	readBufPool  *sync.Pool
-	writeBufPool *sync.Pool
-}
-
-type BatchAudioStats struct {
-	// int64 fields MUST be first for ARM32 alignment
-	BatchedReads    int64
-	SingleReads     int64
-	BatchedWrites   int64
-	SingleWrites    int64
-	BatchedFrames   int64
-	SingleFrames    int64
-	WriteFrames     int64
-	CGOCallsReduced int64
-	OSThreadPinTime time.Duration // time.Duration is int64 internally
-	WriteThreadTime time.Duration // time.Duration is int64 internally
-	LastBatchTime   time.Time
-	LastWriteTime   time.Time
-}
-
-type batchReadRequest struct {
-	buffer     []byte
-	resultChan chan batchReadResult
-	timestamp  time.Time
-}
-
-type batchReadResult struct {
-	length int
-	err    error
-}
-
-type batchWriteRequest struct {
-	buffer     []byte // Buffer for backward compatibility
-	opusData   []byte // Opus encoded data for decode-write operations
-	pcmBuffer  []byte // PCM buffer for decode-write operations
-	resultChan chan batchWriteResult
-	timestamp  time.Time
-}
-
-type batchWriteResult struct {
-	length int
-	err    error
-}
-
-// NewBatchAudioProcessor creates a new batch audio processor
-func NewBatchAudioProcessor(batchSize int, batchDuration time.Duration) *BatchAudioProcessor {
-	// Validate input parameters with minimal overhead
-	if batchSize <= 0 || batchSize > 1000 {
-		batchSize = Config.BatchProcessorFramesPerBatch
-	}
-	if batchDuration <= 0 {
-		batchDuration = Config.BatchProcessingDelay
-	}
-
-	// Use optimized queue sizes from configuration
-	queueSize := Config.BatchProcessorMaxQueueSize
-	if queueSize <= 0 {
-		queueSize = batchSize * 2 // Fallback to double batch size
-	}
-
-	ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
-	// Pre-allocate logger to avoid repeated allocations
-	logger := logging.GetDefaultLogger().With().Str("component", "batch-audio").Logger()
-
-	frameSize := Config.MinReadEncodeBuffer
-	if frameSize == 0 {
-		frameSize = 1500 // Safe fallback
-	}
-
-	processor := &BatchAudioProcessor{
-		ctx:           ctx,
-		cancel:        cancel,
-		logger:        &logger,
-		batchSize:     batchSize,
-		batchDuration: batchDuration,
-		readQueue:     make(chan batchReadRequest, queueSize),
-		writeQueue:    make(chan batchWriteRequest, queueSize),
-		readBufPool: &sync.Pool{
-			New: func() interface{} {
-				return make([]byte, 0, frameSize)
-			},
-		},
-		writeBufPool: &sync.Pool{
-			New: func() interface{} {
-				return make([]byte, 0, frameSize)
-			},
-		},
-	}
-
-	return processor
-}
-
-// Start initializes and starts the batch processor
-func (bap *BatchAudioProcessor) Start() error {
-	if !atomic.CompareAndSwapInt32(&bap.running, 0, 1) {
-		return nil // Already running
-	}
-
-	// Initialize CGO resources once per processor lifecycle
-	if !atomic.CompareAndSwapInt32(&bap.initialized, 0, 1) {
-		return nil // Already initialized
-	}
-
-	// Start batch processing goroutines
-	go bap.batchReadProcessor()
-	go bap.batchWriteProcessor()
-
-	bap.logger.Info().Int("batch_size", bap.batchSize).
-		Dur("batch_duration", bap.batchDuration).
-		Msg("batch audio processor started")
-
-	return nil
-}
-
-// Stop cleanly shuts down the batch processor
-func (bap *BatchAudioProcessor) Stop() {
-	if !atomic.CompareAndSwapInt32(&bap.running, 1, 0) {
-		return // Already stopped
-	}
-
-	bap.cancel()
-
-	// Wait for processing to complete
-	time.Sleep(bap.batchDuration + Config.BatchProcessingDelay)
-
-	bap.logger.Info().Msg("batch audio processor stopped")
-}
-
-// BatchReadEncode performs batched audio read and encode operations
-func (bap *BatchAudioProcessor) BatchReadEncode(buffer []byte) (int, error) {
-	// Validate buffer before processing
-	if err := ValidateBufferSize(len(buffer)); err != nil {
-		// Only log validation errors in debug mode to reduce overhead
-		if bap.logger.GetLevel() <= zerolog.DebugLevel {
-			bap.logger.Debug().Err(err).Msg("invalid buffer for batch processing")
-		}
-		return 0, err
-	}
-
-	if !bap.IsRunning() {
-		// Fallback to single operation if batch processor is not running
-		// Use sampling to reduce atomic operations overhead
-		if atomic.LoadInt64(&bap.stats.SingleReads)%10 == 0 {
-			atomic.AddInt64(&bap.stats.SingleReads, 10)
-			atomic.AddInt64(&bap.stats.SingleFrames, 10)
-		}
-		return CGOAudioReadEncode(buffer)
-	}
-
-	resultChan := make(chan batchReadResult, 1)
-	request := batchReadRequest{
-		buffer:     buffer,
-		resultChan: resultChan,
-		timestamp:  time.Now(),
-	}
-
-	// Try to queue the request with non-blocking send
-	select {
-	case bap.readQueue <- request:
-		// Successfully queued
-	default:
-		// Queue is full, fallback to single operation
-		// Use sampling to reduce atomic operations overhead
-		if atomic.LoadInt64(&bap.stats.SingleReads)%10 == 0 {
-			atomic.AddInt64(&bap.stats.SingleReads, 10)
-			atomic.AddInt64(&bap.stats.SingleFrames, 10)
-		}
-		return CGOAudioReadEncode(buffer)
-	}
-
-	// Wait for result with timeout
-	select {
-	case result := <-resultChan:
-		return result.length, result.err
-	case <-time.After(Config.BatchProcessorTimeout):
-		// Timeout, fallback to single operation
-		// Use sampling to reduce atomic operations overhead
-		if atomic.LoadInt64(&bap.stats.SingleReads)%10 == 0 {
-			atomic.AddInt64(&bap.stats.SingleReads, 10)
-			atomic.AddInt64(&bap.stats.SingleFrames, 10)
-		}
-		return CGOAudioReadEncode(buffer)
-	}
-}
-
-// BatchDecodeWrite performs batched audio decode and write operations
-// This is the legacy version that uses a single buffer
-func (bap *BatchAudioProcessor) BatchDecodeWrite(buffer []byte) (int, error) {
-	// Validate buffer before processing
-	if err := ValidateBufferSize(len(buffer)); err != nil {
-		// Only log validation errors in debug mode to reduce overhead
-		if bap.logger.GetLevel() <= zerolog.DebugLevel {
-			bap.logger.Debug().Err(err).Msg("invalid buffer for batch processing")
-		}
-		return 0, err
-	}
-
-	if !bap.IsRunning() {
-		// Fallback to single operation if batch processor is not running
-		// Use sampling to reduce atomic operations overhead
-		if atomic.LoadInt64(&bap.stats.SingleWrites)%10 == 0 {
-			atomic.AddInt64(&bap.stats.SingleWrites, 10)
-			atomic.AddInt64(&bap.stats.WriteFrames, 10)
-		}
-		return CGOAudioDecodeWriteLegacy(buffer)
-	}
-
-	resultChan := make(chan batchWriteResult, 1)
-	request := batchWriteRequest{
-		buffer:     buffer,
-		resultChan: resultChan,
-		timestamp:  time.Now(),
-	}
-
-	// Try to queue the request with non-blocking send
-	select {
-	case bap.writeQueue <- request:
-		// Successfully queued
-	default:
-		// Queue is full, fall back to single operation
-		// Use sampling to reduce atomic operations overhead
-		if atomic.LoadInt64(&bap.stats.SingleWrites)%10 == 0 {
-			atomic.AddInt64(&bap.stats.SingleWrites, 10)
-			atomic.AddInt64(&bap.stats.WriteFrames, 10)
-		}
-		return CGOAudioDecodeWriteLegacy(buffer)
-	}
-
-	// Wait for result with timeout
-	select {
-	case result := <-resultChan:
-		return result.length, result.err
-	case <-time.After(Config.BatchProcessorTimeout):
-		// Use sampling to reduce atomic operations overhead
-		if atomic.LoadInt64(&bap.stats.SingleWrites)%10 == 0 {
-			atomic.AddInt64(&bap.stats.SingleWrites, 10)
-			atomic.AddInt64(&bap.stats.WriteFrames, 10)
-		}
-		return CGOAudioDecodeWriteLegacy(buffer)
-	}
-}
-
-// BatchDecodeWriteWithBuffers performs batched audio decode and write operations with separate opus and PCM buffers
-func (bap *BatchAudioProcessor) BatchDecodeWriteWithBuffers(opusData []byte, pcmBuffer []byte) (int, error) {
-	// Validate buffers before processing
-	if len(opusData) == 0 {
-		return 0, fmt.Errorf("empty opus data buffer")
-	}
-	if len(pcmBuffer) == 0 {
-		return 0, fmt.Errorf("empty PCM buffer")
-	}
-
-	if !bap.IsRunning() {
-		// Fallback to single operation if batch processor is not running
-		atomic.AddInt64(&bap.stats.SingleWrites, 1)
-		atomic.AddInt64(&bap.stats.WriteFrames, 1)
-		// Use the optimized function with separate buffers
-		return CGOAudioDecodeWrite(opusData, pcmBuffer)
-	}
-
-	resultChan := make(chan batchWriteResult, 1)
-	request := batchWriteRequest{
-		opusData:   opusData,
-		pcmBuffer:  pcmBuffer,
-		resultChan: resultChan,
-		timestamp:  time.Now(),
-	}
-
-	// Try to queue the request with non-blocking send
-	select {
-	case bap.writeQueue <- request:
-		// Successfully queued
-	default:
-		// Queue is full, fall back to single operation
-		atomic.AddInt64(&bap.stats.SingleWrites, 1)
-		atomic.AddInt64(&bap.stats.WriteFrames, 1)
-		// Use the optimized function with separate buffers
-		return CGOAudioDecodeWrite(opusData, pcmBuffer)
-	}
-
-	// Wait for result with timeout
-	select {
-	case result := <-resultChan:
-		return result.length, result.err
-	case <-time.After(Config.BatchProcessorTimeout):
-		atomic.AddInt64(&bap.stats.SingleWrites, 1)
-		atomic.AddInt64(&bap.stats.WriteFrames, 1)
-		// Use the optimized function with separate buffers
-		return CGOAudioDecodeWrite(opusData, pcmBuffer)
-	}
-}
-
-// batchReadProcessor processes batched read operations
-func (bap *BatchAudioProcessor) batchReadProcessor() {
-	defer bap.logger.Debug().Msg("batch read processor stopped")
-
-	ticker := time.NewTicker(bap.batchDuration)
-	defer ticker.Stop()
-
-	var batch []batchReadRequest
-	batch = make([]batchReadRequest, 0, bap.batchSize)
-
-	for atomic.LoadInt32(&bap.running) == 1 {
-		select {
-		case <-bap.ctx.Done():
-			return
-
-		case req := <-bap.readQueue:
-			batch = append(batch, req)
-			if len(batch) >= bap.batchSize {
-				bap.processBatchRead(batch)
-				batch = batch[:0] // Clear slice but keep capacity
-			}
-
-		case <-ticker.C:
-			if len(batch) > 0 {
-				bap.processBatchRead(batch)
-				batch = batch[:0] // Clear slice but keep capacity
-			}
-		}
-	}
-
-	// Process any remaining requests
-	if len(batch) > 0 {
-		bap.processBatchRead(batch)
-	}
-}
-
-// batchWriteProcessor processes batched write operations
-func (bap *BatchAudioProcessor) batchWriteProcessor() {
-	defer bap.logger.Debug().Msg("batch write processor stopped")
-
-	ticker := time.NewTicker(bap.batchDuration)
-	defer ticker.Stop()
-
-	var batch []batchWriteRequest
-	batch = make([]batchWriteRequest, 0, bap.batchSize)
-
-	for atomic.LoadInt32(&bap.running) == 1 {
-		select {
-		case <-bap.ctx.Done():
-			return
-
-		case req := <-bap.writeQueue:
-			batch = append(batch, req)
-			if len(batch) >= bap.batchSize {
-				bap.processBatchWrite(batch)
-				batch = batch[:0] // Clear slice but keep capacity
-			}
-
-		case <-ticker.C:
-			if len(batch) > 0 {
-				bap.processBatchWrite(batch)
-				batch = batch[:0] // Clear slice but keep capacity
-			}
-		}
-	}
-
-	// Process any remaining requests
-	if len(batch) > 0 {
-		bap.processBatchWrite(batch)
-	}
-}
-
-// processBatchRead processes a batch of read requests efficiently
-func (bap *BatchAudioProcessor) processBatchRead(batch []batchReadRequest) {
-	batchSize := len(batch)
-	if batchSize == 0 {
-		return
-	}
-
-	threadPinningThreshold := Config.BatchProcessorThreadPinningThreshold
-	if threadPinningThreshold == 0 {
-		threadPinningThreshold = Config.MinBatchSizeForThreadPinning // Fallback
-	}
-
-	// Only pin to OS thread for large batches to reduce thread contention
-	var start time.Time
-	threadWasPinned := false
-	if batchSize >= threadPinningThreshold && atomic.CompareAndSwapInt32(&bap.threadPinned, 0, 1) {
-		start = time.Now()
-		threadWasPinned = true
-		runtime.LockOSThread()
-	}
-
-	// Batch stats updates to reduce atomic operations (update once per batch instead of per frame)
-	atomic.AddInt64(&bap.stats.BatchedReads, 1)
-	atomic.AddInt64(&bap.stats.BatchedFrames, int64(batchSize))
-	if batchSize > 1 {
-		atomic.AddInt64(&bap.stats.CGOCallsReduced, int64(batchSize-1))
-	}
-
-	// Process each request in the batch with minimal overhead
-	for i := range batch {
-		req := &batch[i]
-		length, err := CGOAudioReadEncode(req.buffer)
-
-		// Send result back (non-blocking) - reuse result struct
-		select {
-		case req.resultChan <- batchReadResult{length: length, err: err}:
-		default:
-			// Requestor timed out, drop result
-		}
-	}
-
-	// Release thread lock if we pinned it
-	if threadWasPinned {
-		runtime.UnlockOSThread()
-		atomic.StoreInt32(&bap.threadPinned, 0)
-		bap.stats.OSThreadPinTime += time.Since(start)
-	}
-
-	// Update timestamp only once per batch instead of per frame
-	bap.stats.LastBatchTime = time.Now()
-}
-
-// processBatchWrite processes a batch of write requests efficiently
-func (bap *BatchAudioProcessor) processBatchWrite(batch []batchWriteRequest) {
-	if len(batch) == 0 {
-		return
-	}
-
-	threadPinningThreshold := Config.BatchProcessorThreadPinningThreshold
-	if threadPinningThreshold == 0 {
-		threadPinningThreshold = Config.MinBatchSizeForThreadPinning // Fallback
-	}
-
-	// Only pin to OS thread for large batches to reduce thread contention
-	start := time.Now()
-	shouldPinThread := len(batch) >= threadPinningThreshold
-
-	// Track if we pinned the thread in this call
-	threadWasPinned := false
-
-	if shouldPinThread && atomic.CompareAndSwapInt32(&bap.writePinned, 0, 1) {
-		threadWasPinned = true
-		runtime.LockOSThread()
-
-		// Priority scheduler not implemented - using default thread priority
-	}
-
-	batchSize := len(batch)
-	atomic.AddInt64(&bap.stats.BatchedWrites, 1)
-	atomic.AddInt64(&bap.stats.WriteFrames, int64(batchSize))
-	if batchSize > 1 {
-		atomic.AddInt64(&bap.stats.CGOCallsReduced, int64(batchSize-1))
-	}
-
-	// Add deferred function to release thread lock if we pinned it
-	if threadWasPinned {
-		defer func() {
-			// Priority scheduler not implemented - using default thread priority
-			runtime.UnlockOSThread()
-			atomic.StoreInt32(&bap.writePinned, 0)
-			bap.stats.WriteThreadTime += time.Since(start)
-		}()
-	}
-
-	// Process each request in the batch
-	for _, req := range batch {
-		var length int
-		var err error
-
-		// Handle both legacy and new decode-write operations
-		if req.opusData != nil && req.pcmBuffer != nil {
-			// New style with separate opus data and PCM buffer
-			length, err = CGOAudioDecodeWrite(req.opusData, req.pcmBuffer)
-		} else {
-			// Legacy style with single buffer
-			length, err = CGOAudioDecodeWriteLegacy(req.buffer)
-		}
-
-		result := batchWriteResult{
-			length: length,
-			err:    err,
-		}
-
-		// Send result back (non-blocking)
-		select {
-		case req.resultChan <- result:
-		default:
-			// Requestor timed out, drop result
-		}
-	}
-
-	bap.stats.LastWriteTime = time.Now()
-}
-
-// GetStats returns current batch processor statistics
-func (bap *BatchAudioProcessor) GetStats() BatchAudioStats {
-	return BatchAudioStats{
-		BatchedReads:    atomic.LoadInt64(&bap.stats.BatchedReads),
-		SingleReads:     atomic.LoadInt64(&bap.stats.SingleReads),
-		BatchedWrites:   atomic.LoadInt64(&bap.stats.BatchedWrites),
-		SingleWrites:    atomic.LoadInt64(&bap.stats.SingleWrites),
-		BatchedFrames:   atomic.LoadInt64(&bap.stats.BatchedFrames),
-		SingleFrames:    atomic.LoadInt64(&bap.stats.SingleFrames),
-		WriteFrames:     atomic.LoadInt64(&bap.stats.WriteFrames),
-		CGOCallsReduced: atomic.LoadInt64(&bap.stats.CGOCallsReduced),
-		OSThreadPinTime: bap.stats.OSThreadPinTime,
-		WriteThreadTime: bap.stats.WriteThreadTime,
-		LastBatchTime:   bap.stats.LastBatchTime,
-		LastWriteTime:   bap.stats.LastWriteTime,
-	}
-}
-
-// IsRunning returns whether the batch processor is running
-func (bap *BatchAudioProcessor) IsRunning() bool {
-	return atomic.LoadInt32(&bap.running) == 1
-}
-
-// Global batch processor instance
-var (
-	globalBatchProcessor      unsafe.Pointer // *BatchAudioProcessor
-	batchProcessorInitialized int32
-)
-
-// GetBatchAudioProcessor returns the global batch processor instance
-func GetBatchAudioProcessor() *BatchAudioProcessor {
-	ptr := atomic.LoadPointer(&globalBatchProcessor)
-	if ptr != nil {
-		return (*BatchAudioProcessor)(ptr)
-	}
-
-	// Initialize on first use
-	if atomic.CompareAndSwapInt32(&batchProcessorInitialized, 0, 1) {
-		processor := NewBatchAudioProcessor(Config.BatchProcessorFramesPerBatch, Config.BatchProcessorTimeout)
-		atomic.StorePointer(&globalBatchProcessor, unsafe.Pointer(processor))
-		return processor
-	}
-
-	// Another goroutine initialized it, try again
-	ptr = atomic.LoadPointer(&globalBatchProcessor)
-	if ptr != nil {
-		return (*BatchAudioProcessor)(ptr)
-	}
-
-	// Fallback: create a new processor (should rarely happen)
-	return NewBatchAudioProcessor(Config.BatchProcessorFramesPerBatch, Config.BatchProcessorTimeout)
-}
-
-// EnableBatchAudioProcessing enables the global batch processor
-func EnableBatchAudioProcessing() error {
-	processor := GetBatchAudioProcessor()
-	return processor.Start()
-}
-
-// DisableBatchAudioProcessing disables the global batch processor
-func DisableBatchAudioProcessing() {
-	ptr := atomic.LoadPointer(&globalBatchProcessor)
-	if ptr != nil {
-		processor := (*BatchAudioProcessor)(ptr)
-		processor.Stop()
-	}
-}
-
-// BatchCGOAudioReadEncode is a batched version of CGOAudioReadEncode
-func BatchCGOAudioReadEncode(buffer []byte) (int, error) {
-	processor := GetBatchAudioProcessor()
-	if processor == nil || !processor.IsRunning() {
-		// Fall back to non-batched version if processor is not running
-		return CGOAudioReadEncode(buffer)
-	}
-
-	return processor.BatchReadEncode(buffer)
-}
-
-// BatchCGOAudioDecodeWrite is a batched version of CGOAudioDecodeWrite
-func BatchCGOAudioDecodeWrite(buffer []byte) (int, error) {
-	processor := GetBatchAudioProcessor()
-	if processor == nil || !processor.IsRunning() {
-		// Fall back to non-batched version if processor is not running
-		return CGOAudioDecodeWriteLegacy(buffer)
-	}
-
-	return processor.BatchDecodeWrite(buffer)
-}
-
-// BatchCGOAudioDecodeWriteWithBuffers is a batched version of CGOAudioDecodeWrite that uses separate opus and PCM buffers
-func BatchCGOAudioDecodeWriteWithBuffers(opusData []byte, pcmBuffer []byte) (int, error) {
-	processor := GetBatchAudioProcessor()
-	if processor == nil || !processor.IsRunning() {
-		// Fall back to non-batched version if processor is not running
-		return CGOAudioDecodeWrite(opusData, pcmBuffer)
-	}
-
-	return processor.BatchDecodeWriteWithBuffers(opusData, pcmBuffer)
-}
diff --git a/internal/audio/batch_reference.go b/internal/audio/batch_reference.go
deleted file mode 100644
index ecfa8d3a..00000000
--- a/internal/audio/batch_reference.go
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,331 +0,0 @@
-//go:build cgo
-
-package audio
-
-import (
-	"errors"
-	"sync"
-	"sync/atomic"
-	"unsafe"
-)
-
-// BatchReferenceManager handles batch reference counting operations
-// to reduce atomic operation overhead for high-frequency frame operations
-type BatchReferenceManager struct {
-	// Batch operations queue
-	batchQueue chan batchRefOperation
-	workerPool chan struct{} // Worker pool semaphore
-	running    int32
-	wg         sync.WaitGroup
-
-	// Statistics
-	batchedOps   int64
-	singleOps    int64
-	batchSavings int64 // Number of atomic operations saved
-}
-
-type batchRefOperation struct {
-	frames    []*ZeroCopyAudioFrame
-	operation refOperationType
-	resultCh  chan batchRefResult
-}
-
-type refOperationType int
-
-const (
-	refOpAddRef refOperationType = iota
-	refOpRelease
-	refOpMixed // For operations with mixed AddRef/Release
-)
-
-// Errors
-var (
-	ErrUnsupportedOperation = errors.New("unsupported batch reference operation")
-)
-
-type batchRefResult struct {
-	finalReleases []bool // For Release operations, indicates which frames had final release
-	err           error
-}
-
-// Global batch reference manager
-var (
-	globalBatchRefManager *BatchReferenceManager
-	batchRefOnce          sync.Once
-)
-
-// GetBatchReferenceManager returns the global batch reference manager
-func GetBatchReferenceManager() *BatchReferenceManager {
-	batchRefOnce.Do(func() {
-		globalBatchRefManager = NewBatchReferenceManager()
-		globalBatchRefManager.Start()
-	})
-	return globalBatchRefManager
-}
-
-// NewBatchReferenceManager creates a new batch reference manager
-func NewBatchReferenceManager() *BatchReferenceManager {
-	return &BatchReferenceManager{
-		batchQueue: make(chan batchRefOperation, 256), // Buffered for high throughput
-		workerPool: make(chan struct{}, 4),            // 4 workers for parallel processing
-	}
-}
-
-// Start starts the batch reference manager workers
-func (brm *BatchReferenceManager) Start() {
-	if !atomic.CompareAndSwapInt32(&brm.running, 0, 1) {
-		return // Already running
-	}
-
-	// Start worker goroutines
-	for i := 0; i < cap(brm.workerPool); i++ {
-		brm.wg.Add(1)
-		go brm.worker()
-	}
-}
-
-// Stop stops the batch reference manager
-func (brm *BatchReferenceManager) Stop() {
-	if !atomic.CompareAndSwapInt32(&brm.running, 1, 0) {
-		return // Already stopped
-	}
-
-	close(brm.batchQueue)
-	brm.wg.Wait()
-}
-
-// worker processes batch reference operations
-func (brm *BatchReferenceManager) worker() {
-	defer brm.wg.Done()
-
-	for op := range brm.batchQueue {
-		brm.processBatchOperation(op)
-	}
-}
-
-// processBatchOperation processes a batch of reference operations
-func (brm *BatchReferenceManager) processBatchOperation(op batchRefOperation) {
-	result := batchRefResult{}
-
-	switch op.operation {
-	case refOpAddRef:
-		// Batch AddRef operations
-		for _, frame := range op.frames {
-			if frame != nil {
-				atomic.AddInt32(&frame.refCount, 1)
-			}
-		}
-		atomic.AddInt64(&brm.batchedOps, int64(len(op.frames)))
-		atomic.AddInt64(&brm.batchSavings, int64(len(op.frames)-1)) // Saved ops vs individual calls
-
-	case refOpRelease:
-		// Batch Release operations
-		result.finalReleases = make([]bool, len(op.frames))
-		for i, frame := range op.frames {
-			if frame != nil {
-				newCount := atomic.AddInt32(&frame.refCount, -1)
-				if newCount == 0 {
-					result.finalReleases[i] = true
-					// Return to pool if pooled
-					if frame.pooled {
-						globalZeroCopyPool.Put(frame)
-					}
-				}
-			}
-		}
-		atomic.AddInt64(&brm.batchedOps, int64(len(op.frames)))
-		atomic.AddInt64(&brm.batchSavings, int64(len(op.frames)-1))
-
-	case refOpMixed:
-		// Handle mixed operations (not implemented in this version)
-		result.err = ErrUnsupportedOperation
-	}
-
-	// Send result back
-	if op.resultCh != nil {
-		op.resultCh <- result
-		close(op.resultCh)
-	}
-}
-
-// BatchAddRef performs AddRef on multiple frames in a single batch
-func (brm *BatchReferenceManager) BatchAddRef(frames []*ZeroCopyAudioFrame) error {
-	if len(frames) == 0 {
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	// For small batches, use direct operations to avoid overhead
-	if len(frames) <= 2 {
-		for _, frame := range frames {
-			if frame != nil {
-				frame.AddRef()
-			}
-		}
-		atomic.AddInt64(&brm.singleOps, int64(len(frames)))
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	// Use batch processing for larger sets
-	if atomic.LoadInt32(&brm.running) == 0 {
-		// Fallback to individual operations if batch manager not running
-		for _, frame := range frames {
-			if frame != nil {
-				frame.AddRef()
-			}
-		}
-		atomic.AddInt64(&brm.singleOps, int64(len(frames)))
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	resultCh := make(chan batchRefResult, 1)
-	op := batchRefOperation{
-		frames:    frames,
-		operation: refOpAddRef,
-		resultCh:  resultCh,
-	}
-
-	select {
-	case brm.batchQueue <- op:
-		// Wait for completion
-		<-resultCh
-		return nil
-	default:
-		// Queue full, fallback to individual operations
-		for _, frame := range frames {
-			if frame != nil {
-				frame.AddRef()
-			}
-		}
-		atomic.AddInt64(&brm.singleOps, int64(len(frames)))
-		return nil
-	}
-}
-
-// BatchRelease performs Release on multiple frames in a single batch
-// Returns a slice indicating which frames had their final reference released
-func (brm *BatchReferenceManager) BatchRelease(frames []*ZeroCopyAudioFrame) ([]bool, error) {
-	if len(frames) == 0 {
-		return nil, nil
-	}
-
-	// For small batches, use direct operations
-	if len(frames) <= 2 {
-		finalReleases := make([]bool, len(frames))
-		for i, frame := range frames {
-			if frame != nil {
-				finalReleases[i] = frame.Release()
-			}
-		}
-		atomic.AddInt64(&brm.singleOps, int64(len(frames)))
-		return finalReleases, nil
-	}
-
-	// Use batch processing for larger sets
-	if atomic.LoadInt32(&brm.running) == 0 {
-		// Fallback to individual operations
-		finalReleases := make([]bool, len(frames))
-		for i, frame := range frames {
-			if frame != nil {
-				finalReleases[i] = frame.Release()
-			}
-		}
-		atomic.AddInt64(&brm.singleOps, int64(len(frames)))
-		return finalReleases, nil
-	}
-
-	resultCh := make(chan batchRefResult, 1)
-	op := batchRefOperation{
-		frames:    frames,
-		operation: refOpRelease,
-		resultCh:  resultCh,
-	}
-
-	select {
-	case brm.batchQueue <- op:
-		// Wait for completion
-		result := <-resultCh
-		return result.finalReleases, result.err
-	default:
-		// Queue full, fallback to individual operations
-		finalReleases := make([]bool, len(frames))
-		for i, frame := range frames {
-			if frame != nil {
-				finalReleases[i] = frame.Release()
-			}
-		}
-		atomic.AddInt64(&brm.singleOps, int64(len(frames)))
-		return finalReleases, nil
-	}
-}
-
-// GetStats returns batch reference counting statistics
-func (brm *BatchReferenceManager) GetStats() (batchedOps, singleOps, savings int64) {
-	return atomic.LoadInt64(&brm.batchedOps),
-		atomic.LoadInt64(&brm.singleOps),
-		atomic.LoadInt64(&brm.batchSavings)
-}
-
-// Convenience functions for global batch reference manager
-
-// BatchAddRefFrames performs batch AddRef on multiple frames
-func BatchAddRefFrames(frames []*ZeroCopyAudioFrame) error {
-	return GetBatchReferenceManager().BatchAddRef(frames)
-}
-
-// BatchReleaseFrames performs batch Release on multiple frames
-func BatchReleaseFrames(frames []*ZeroCopyAudioFrame) ([]bool, error) {
-	return GetBatchReferenceManager().BatchRelease(frames)
-}
-
-// GetBatchReferenceStats returns global batch reference statistics
-func GetBatchReferenceStats() (batchedOps, singleOps, savings int64) {
-	return GetBatchReferenceManager().GetStats()
-}
-
-// ZeroCopyFrameSlice provides utilities for working with slices of zero-copy frames
-type ZeroCopyFrameSlice []*ZeroCopyAudioFrame
-
-// AddRefAll performs batch AddRef on all frames in the slice
-func (zfs ZeroCopyFrameSlice) AddRefAll() error {
-	return BatchAddRefFrames(zfs)
-}
-
-// ReleaseAll performs batch Release on all frames in the slice
-func (zfs ZeroCopyFrameSlice) ReleaseAll() ([]bool, error) {
-	return BatchReleaseFrames(zfs)
-}
-
-// FilterNonNil returns a new slice with only non-nil frames
-func (zfs ZeroCopyFrameSlice) FilterNonNil() ZeroCopyFrameSlice {
-	filtered := make(ZeroCopyFrameSlice, 0, len(zfs))
-	for _, frame := range zfs {
-		if frame != nil {
-			filtered = append(filtered, frame)
-		}
-	}
-	return filtered
-}
-
-// Len returns the number of frames in the slice
-func (zfs ZeroCopyFrameSlice) Len() int {
-	return len(zfs)
-}
-
-// Get returns the frame at the specified index
-func (zfs ZeroCopyFrameSlice) Get(index int) *ZeroCopyAudioFrame {
-	if index < 0 || index >= len(zfs) {
-		return nil
-	}
-	return zfs[index]
-}
-
-// UnsafePointers returns unsafe pointers for all frames (for CGO batch operations)
-func (zfs ZeroCopyFrameSlice) UnsafePointers() []unsafe.Pointer {
-	pointers := make([]unsafe.Pointer, len(zfs))
-	for i, frame := range zfs {
-		if frame != nil {
-			pointers[i] = frame.UnsafePointer()
-		}
-	}
-	return pointers
-}
diff --git a/internal/audio/batch_zero_copy.go b/internal/audio/batch_zero_copy.go
deleted file mode 100644
index 8d066521..00000000
--- a/internal/audio/batch_zero_copy.go
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,415 +0,0 @@
-//go:build cgo
-
-package audio
-
-import (
-	"sync"
-	"sync/atomic"
-	"time"
-)
-
-// BatchZeroCopyProcessor handles batch operations on zero-copy audio frames
-// with optimized reference counting and memory management
-type BatchZeroCopyProcessor struct {
-	// Configuration
-	maxBatchSize      int
-	batchTimeout      time.Duration
-	processingDelay   time.Duration
-	adaptiveThreshold float64
-
-	// Processing queues
-	readEncodeQueue  chan *batchZeroCopyRequest
-	decodeWriteQueue chan *batchZeroCopyRequest
-
-	// Worker management
-	workerPool chan struct{}
-	running    int32
-	wg         sync.WaitGroup
-
-	// Statistics
-	batchedFrames    int64
-	singleFrames     int64
-	batchSavings     int64
-	processingTimeUs int64
-	adaptiveHits     int64
-	adaptiveMisses   int64
-}
-
-type batchZeroCopyRequest struct {
-	frames    []*ZeroCopyAudioFrame
-	operation batchZeroCopyOperation
-	resultCh  chan batchZeroCopyResult
-	timestamp time.Time
-}
-
-type batchZeroCopyOperation int
-
-const (
-	batchOpReadEncode batchZeroCopyOperation = iota
-	batchOpDecodeWrite
-	batchOpMixed
-)
-
-type batchZeroCopyResult struct {
-	encodedData    [][]byte // For read-encode operations
-	processedCount int      // Number of successfully processed frames
-	err            error
-}
-
-// Global batch zero-copy processor
-var (
-	globalBatchZeroCopyProcessor *BatchZeroCopyProcessor
-	batchZeroCopyOnce            sync.Once
-)
-
-// GetBatchZeroCopyProcessor returns the global batch zero-copy processor
-func GetBatchZeroCopyProcessor() *BatchZeroCopyProcessor {
-	batchZeroCopyOnce.Do(func() {
-		globalBatchZeroCopyProcessor = NewBatchZeroCopyProcessor()
-		globalBatchZeroCopyProcessor.Start()
-	})
-	return globalBatchZeroCopyProcessor
-}
-
-// NewBatchZeroCopyProcessor creates a new batch zero-copy processor
-func NewBatchZeroCopyProcessor() *BatchZeroCopyProcessor {
-	cache := Config
-	return &BatchZeroCopyProcessor{
-		maxBatchSize:      cache.BatchProcessorFramesPerBatch,
-		batchTimeout:      cache.BatchProcessorTimeout,
-		processingDelay:   cache.BatchProcessingDelay,
-		adaptiveThreshold: cache.BatchProcessorAdaptiveThreshold,
-		readEncodeQueue:   make(chan *batchZeroCopyRequest, cache.BatchProcessorMaxQueueSize),
-		decodeWriteQueue:  make(chan *batchZeroCopyRequest, cache.BatchProcessorMaxQueueSize),
-		workerPool:        make(chan struct{}, 4), // 4 workers for parallel processing
-	}
-}
-
-// Start starts the batch zero-copy processor workers
-func (bzcp *BatchZeroCopyProcessor) Start() {
-	if !atomic.CompareAndSwapInt32(&bzcp.running, 0, 1) {
-		return // Already running
-	}
-
-	// Start worker goroutines for read-encode operations
-	for i := 0; i < cap(bzcp.workerPool)/2; i++ {
-		bzcp.wg.Add(1)
-		go bzcp.readEncodeWorker()
-	}
-
-	// Start worker goroutines for decode-write operations
-	for i := 0; i < cap(bzcp.workerPool)/2; i++ {
-		bzcp.wg.Add(1)
-		go bzcp.decodeWriteWorker()
-	}
-}
-
-// Stop stops the batch zero-copy processor
-func (bzcp *BatchZeroCopyProcessor) Stop() {
-	if !atomic.CompareAndSwapInt32(&bzcp.running, 1, 0) {
-		return // Already stopped
-	}
-
-	close(bzcp.readEncodeQueue)
-	close(bzcp.decodeWriteQueue)
-	bzcp.wg.Wait()
-}
-
-// readEncodeWorker processes batch read-encode operations
-func (bzcp *BatchZeroCopyProcessor) readEncodeWorker() {
-	defer bzcp.wg.Done()
-
-	for req := range bzcp.readEncodeQueue {
-		bzcp.processBatchReadEncode(req)
-	}
-}
-
-// decodeWriteWorker processes batch decode-write operations
-func (bzcp *BatchZeroCopyProcessor) decodeWriteWorker() {
-	defer bzcp.wg.Done()
-
-	for req := range bzcp.decodeWriteQueue {
-		bzcp.processBatchDecodeWrite(req)
-	}
-}
-
-// processBatchReadEncode processes a batch of read-encode operations
-func (bzcp *BatchZeroCopyProcessor) processBatchReadEncode(req *batchZeroCopyRequest) {
-	startTime := time.Now()
-	result := batchZeroCopyResult{}
-
-	// Batch AddRef all frames first
-	err := BatchAddRefFrames(req.frames)
-	if err != nil {
-		result.err = err
-		if req.resultCh != nil {
-			req.resultCh <- result
-			close(req.resultCh)
-		}
-		return
-	}
-
-	// Process frames using existing batch read-encode logic
-	encodedData, err := BatchReadEncode(len(req.frames))
-	if err != nil {
-		// Batch release frames on error
-		if _, releaseErr := BatchReleaseFrames(req.frames); releaseErr != nil {
-			// Log release error but preserve original error
-			_ = releaseErr
-		}
-		result.err = err
-	} else {
-		result.encodedData = encodedData
-		result.processedCount = len(encodedData)
-		// Batch release frames after successful processing
-		if _, releaseErr := BatchReleaseFrames(req.frames); releaseErr != nil {
-			// Log release error but don't fail the operation
-			_ = releaseErr
-		}
-	}
-
-	// Update statistics
-	atomic.AddInt64(&bzcp.batchedFrames, int64(len(req.frames)))
-	atomic.AddInt64(&bzcp.batchSavings, int64(len(req.frames)-1))
-	atomic.AddInt64(&bzcp.processingTimeUs, time.Since(startTime).Microseconds())
-
-	// Send result back
-	if req.resultCh != nil {
-		req.resultCh <- result
-		close(req.resultCh)
-	}
-}
-
-// processBatchDecodeWrite processes a batch of decode-write operations
-func (bzcp *BatchZeroCopyProcessor) processBatchDecodeWrite(req *batchZeroCopyRequest) {
-	startTime := time.Now()
-	result := batchZeroCopyResult{}
-
-	// Batch AddRef all frames first
-	err := BatchAddRefFrames(req.frames)
-	if err != nil {
-		result.err = err
-		if req.resultCh != nil {
-			req.resultCh <- result
-			close(req.resultCh)
-		}
-		return
-	}
-
-	// Extract data from zero-copy frames for batch processing
-	frameData := make([][]byte, len(req.frames))
-	for i, frame := range req.frames {
-		if frame != nil {
-			// Get data from zero-copy frame
-			frameData[i] = frame.Data()[:frame.Length()]
-		}
-	}
-
-	// Process frames using existing batch decode-write logic
-	err = BatchDecodeWrite(frameData)
-	if err != nil {
-		result.err = err
-	} else {
-		result.processedCount = len(req.frames)
-	}
-
-	// Batch release frames
-	if _, releaseErr := BatchReleaseFrames(req.frames); releaseErr != nil {
-		// Log release error but don't override processing error
-		_ = releaseErr
-	}
-
-	// Update statistics
-	atomic.AddInt64(&bzcp.batchedFrames, int64(len(req.frames)))
-	atomic.AddInt64(&bzcp.batchSavings, int64(len(req.frames)-1))
-	atomic.AddInt64(&bzcp.processingTimeUs, time.Since(startTime).Microseconds())
-
-	// Send result back
-	if req.resultCh != nil {
-		req.resultCh <- result
-		close(req.resultCh)
-	}
-}
-
-// BatchReadEncodeZeroCopy performs batch read-encode on zero-copy frames
-func (bzcp *BatchZeroCopyProcessor) BatchReadEncodeZeroCopy(frames []*ZeroCopyAudioFrame) ([][]byte, error) {
-	if len(frames) == 0 {
-		return nil, nil
-	}
-
-	// For small batches, use direct operations to avoid overhead
-	if len(frames) <= 2 {
-		atomic.AddInt64(&bzcp.singleFrames, int64(len(frames)))
-		return bzcp.processSingleReadEncode(frames)
-	}
-
-	// Use adaptive threshold to determine batch vs single processing
-	batchedFrames := atomic.LoadInt64(&bzcp.batchedFrames)
-	singleFrames := atomic.LoadInt64(&bzcp.singleFrames)
-	totalFrames := batchedFrames + singleFrames
-
-	if totalFrames > 100 { // Only apply adaptive logic after some samples
-		batchRatio := float64(batchedFrames) / float64(totalFrames)
-		if batchRatio < bzcp.adaptiveThreshold {
-			// Batch processing not effective, use single processing
-			atomic.AddInt64(&bzcp.adaptiveMisses, 1)
-			atomic.AddInt64(&bzcp.singleFrames, int64(len(frames)))
-			return bzcp.processSingleReadEncode(frames)
-		}
-		atomic.AddInt64(&bzcp.adaptiveHits, 1)
-	}
-
-	// Use batch processing
-	if atomic.LoadInt32(&bzcp.running) == 0 {
-		// Fallback to single processing if batch processor not running
-		atomic.AddInt64(&bzcp.singleFrames, int64(len(frames)))
-		return bzcp.processSingleReadEncode(frames)
-	}
-
-	resultCh := make(chan batchZeroCopyResult, 1)
-	req := &batchZeroCopyRequest{
-		frames:    frames,
-		operation: batchOpReadEncode,
-		resultCh:  resultCh,
-		timestamp: time.Now(),
-	}
-
-	select {
-	case bzcp.readEncodeQueue <- req:
-		// Wait for completion
-		result := <-resultCh
-		return result.encodedData, result.err
-	default:
-		// Queue full, fallback to single processing
-		atomic.AddInt64(&bzcp.singleFrames, int64(len(frames)))
-		return bzcp.processSingleReadEncode(frames)
-	}
-}
-
-// BatchDecodeWriteZeroCopy performs batch decode-write on zero-copy frames
-func (bzcp *BatchZeroCopyProcessor) BatchDecodeWriteZeroCopy(frames []*ZeroCopyAudioFrame) error {
-	if len(frames) == 0 {
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	// For small batches, use direct operations
-	if len(frames) <= 2 {
-		atomic.AddInt64(&bzcp.singleFrames, int64(len(frames)))
-		return bzcp.processSingleDecodeWrite(frames)
-	}
-
-	// Use adaptive threshold
-	batchedFrames := atomic.LoadInt64(&bzcp.batchedFrames)
-	singleFrames := atomic.LoadInt64(&bzcp.singleFrames)
-	totalFrames := batchedFrames + singleFrames
-
-	if totalFrames > 100 {
-		batchRatio := float64(batchedFrames) / float64(totalFrames)
-		if batchRatio < bzcp.adaptiveThreshold {
-			atomic.AddInt64(&bzcp.adaptiveMisses, 1)
-			atomic.AddInt64(&bzcp.singleFrames, int64(len(frames)))
-			return bzcp.processSingleDecodeWrite(frames)
-		}
-		atomic.AddInt64(&bzcp.adaptiveHits, 1)
-	}
-
-	// Use batch processing
-	if atomic.LoadInt32(&bzcp.running) == 0 {
-		atomic.AddInt64(&bzcp.singleFrames, int64(len(frames)))
-		return bzcp.processSingleDecodeWrite(frames)
-	}
-
-	resultCh := make(chan batchZeroCopyResult, 1)
-	req := &batchZeroCopyRequest{
-		frames:    frames,
-		operation: batchOpDecodeWrite,
-		resultCh:  resultCh,
-		timestamp: time.Now(),
-	}
-
-	select {
-	case bzcp.decodeWriteQueue <- req:
-		// Wait for completion
-		result := <-resultCh
-		return result.err
-	default:
-		// Queue full, fallback to single processing
-		atomic.AddInt64(&bzcp.singleFrames, int64(len(frames)))
-		return bzcp.processSingleDecodeWrite(frames)
-	}
-}
-
-// processSingleReadEncode processes frames individually for read-encode
-func (bzcp *BatchZeroCopyProcessor) processSingleReadEncode(frames []*ZeroCopyAudioFrame) ([][]byte, error) {
-	// Extract data and use existing batch processing
-	frameData := make([][]byte, 0, len(frames))
-	for _, frame := range frames {
-		if frame != nil {
-			frame.AddRef()
-			frameData = append(frameData, frame.Data()[:frame.Length()])
-		}
-	}
-
-	// Use existing batch read-encode
-	result, err := BatchReadEncode(len(frameData))
-
-	// Release frames
-	for _, frame := range frames {
-		if frame != nil {
-			frame.Release()
-		}
-	}
-
-	return result, err
-}
-
-// processSingleDecodeWrite processes frames individually for decode-write
-func (bzcp *BatchZeroCopyProcessor) processSingleDecodeWrite(frames []*ZeroCopyAudioFrame) error {
-	// Extract data and use existing batch processing
-	frameData := make([][]byte, 0, len(frames))
-	for _, frame := range frames {
-		if frame != nil {
-			frame.AddRef()
-			frameData = append(frameData, frame.Data()[:frame.Length()])
-		}
-	}
-
-	// Use existing batch decode-write
-	err := BatchDecodeWrite(frameData)
-
-	// Release frames
-	for _, frame := range frames {
-		if frame != nil {
-			frame.Release()
-		}
-	}
-
-	return err
-}
-
-// GetBatchZeroCopyStats returns batch zero-copy processing statistics
-func (bzcp *BatchZeroCopyProcessor) GetBatchZeroCopyStats() (batchedFrames, singleFrames, savings, processingTimeUs, adaptiveHits, adaptiveMisses int64) {
-	return atomic.LoadInt64(&bzcp.batchedFrames),
-		atomic.LoadInt64(&bzcp.singleFrames),
-		atomic.LoadInt64(&bzcp.batchSavings),
-		atomic.LoadInt64(&bzcp.processingTimeUs),
-		atomic.LoadInt64(&bzcp.adaptiveHits),
-		atomic.LoadInt64(&bzcp.adaptiveMisses)
-}
-
-// Convenience functions for global batch zero-copy processor
-
-// BatchReadEncodeZeroCopyFrames performs batch read-encode on zero-copy frames
-func BatchReadEncodeZeroCopyFrames(frames []*ZeroCopyAudioFrame) ([][]byte, error) {
-	return GetBatchZeroCopyProcessor().BatchReadEncodeZeroCopy(frames)
-}
-
-// BatchDecodeWriteZeroCopyFrames performs batch decode-write on zero-copy frames
-func BatchDecodeWriteZeroCopyFrames(frames []*ZeroCopyAudioFrame) error {
-	return GetBatchZeroCopyProcessor().BatchDecodeWriteZeroCopy(frames)
-}
-
-// GetGlobalBatchZeroCopyStats returns global batch zero-copy processing statistics
-func GetGlobalBatchZeroCopyStats() (batchedFrames, singleFrames, savings, processingTimeUs, adaptiveHits, adaptiveMisses int64) {
-	return GetBatchZeroCopyProcessor().GetBatchZeroCopyStats()
-}
diff --git a/internal/audio/c/audio.c b/internal/audio/c/audio.c
index 43709028..203e41d5 100644
--- a/internal/audio/c/audio.c
+++ b/internal/audio/c/audio.c
@@ -554,7 +554,6 @@ retry_write:
 
 	return pcm_frames;
 }
-
 // Safe playback cleanup with double-close protection
 void jetkvm_audio_playback_close() {
 	// Wait for any ongoing operations to complete
diff --git a/internal/audio/cgo_audio.go b/internal/audio/cgo_audio.go
index f726b684..857f7c22 100644
--- a/internal/audio/cgo_audio.go
+++ b/internal/audio/cgo_audio.go
@@ -161,16 +161,6 @@ type AudioConfigCache struct {
 	inputProcessingTimeoutMS atomic.Int32
 	maxRestartAttempts       atomic.Int32
 
-	// Batch processing related values
-	BatchProcessingTimeout               time.Duration
-	BatchProcessorFramesPerBatch         int
-	BatchProcessorTimeout                time.Duration
-	BatchProcessingDelay                 time.Duration
-	MinBatchSizeForThreadPinning         int
-	BatchProcessorMaxQueueSize           int
-	BatchProcessorAdaptiveThreshold      float64
-	BatchProcessorThreadPinningThreshold int
-
 	// Mutex for updating the cache
 	mutex       sync.RWMutex
 	lastUpdate  time.Time
@@ -234,16 +224,6 @@ func (c *AudioConfigCache) Update() {
 		c.minOpusBitrate.Store(int32(Config.MinOpusBitrate))
 		c.maxOpusBitrate.Store(int32(Config.MaxOpusBitrate))
 
-		// Update batch processing related values
-		c.BatchProcessingTimeout = 100 * time.Millisecond // Fixed timeout for batch processing
-		c.BatchProcessorFramesPerBatch = Config.BatchProcessorFramesPerBatch
-		c.BatchProcessorTimeout = Config.BatchProcessorTimeout
-		c.BatchProcessingDelay = Config.BatchProcessingDelay
-		c.MinBatchSizeForThreadPinning = Config.MinBatchSizeForThreadPinning
-		c.BatchProcessorMaxQueueSize = Config.BatchProcessorMaxQueueSize
-		c.BatchProcessorAdaptiveThreshold = Config.BatchProcessorAdaptiveThreshold
-		c.BatchProcessorThreadPinningThreshold = Config.BatchProcessorThreadPinningThreshold
-
 		// Pre-allocate common errors
 		c.bufferTooSmallReadEncode = newBufferTooSmallError(0, Config.MinReadEncodeBuffer)
 		c.bufferTooLargeDecodeWrite = newBufferTooLargeError(Config.MaxDecodeWriteBuffer+1, Config.MaxDecodeWriteBuffer)
@@ -251,6 +231,9 @@ func (c *AudioConfigCache) Update() {
 		c.lastUpdate = time.Now()
 		c.initialized.Store(true)
 
+		c.lastUpdate = time.Now()
+		c.initialized.Store(true)
+
 		// Update the global validation cache as well
 		if cachedMaxFrameSize != 0 {
 			cachedMaxFrameSize = Config.MaxAudioFrameSize
@@ -388,7 +371,9 @@ func updateOpusEncoderParams(bitrate, complexity, vbr, vbrConstraint, signalType
 
 // Buffer pool for reusing buffers in CGO functions
 var (
-	// Using SizedBufferPool for better memory management
+	// Simple buffer pool for PCM data
+	pcmBufferPool = NewAudioBufferPool(Config.MaxPCMBufferSize)
+
 	// Track buffer pool usage
 	cgoBufferPoolGets atomic.Int64
 	cgoBufferPoolPuts atomic.Int64
@@ -402,13 +387,14 @@ var (
 // GetBufferFromPool gets a buffer from the pool with at least the specified capacity
 func GetBufferFromPool(minCapacity int) []byte {
 	cgoBufferPoolGets.Add(1)
-	return GetOptimalBuffer(minCapacity)
+	// Use simple fixed-size buffer for PCM data
+	return pcmBufferPool.Get()
 }
 
 // ReturnBufferToPool returns a buffer to the pool
 func ReturnBufferToPool(buf []byte) {
 	cgoBufferPoolPuts.Add(1)
-	ReturnOptimalBuffer(buf)
+	pcmBufferPool.Put(buf)
 }
 
 // ReadEncodeWithPooledBuffer reads audio data and encodes it using a buffer from the pool
@@ -451,125 +437,6 @@ func DecodeWriteWithPooledBuffer(data []byte) (int, error) {
 	return CGOAudioDecodeWrite(data, pcmBuffer)
 }
 
-// BatchReadEncode reads and encodes multiple audio frames in a single batch
-// with optimized zero-copy frame management and batch reference counting
-func BatchReadEncode(batchSize int) ([][]byte, error) {
-	// Simple batch processing without complex overhead
-	frames := make([][]byte, 0, batchSize)
-	frameSize := 4096 // Fixed frame size for performance
-
-	for i := 0; i < batchSize; i++ {
-		buf := make([]byte, frameSize)
-		n, err := cgoAudioReadEncode(buf)
-		if err != nil {
-			if i > 0 {
-				return frames, nil // Return partial batch
-			}
-			return nil, err
-		}
-		if n > 0 {
-			frames = append(frames, buf[:n])
-		}
-	}
-
-	return frames, nil
-}
-
-// BatchDecodeWrite decodes and writes multiple audio frames in a single batch
-// This reduces CGO call overhead by processing multiple frames at once
-// with optimized zero-copy frame management and batch reference counting
-func BatchDecodeWrite(frames [][]byte) error {
-	// Validate input
-	if len(frames) == 0 {
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	// Convert to zero-copy frames for optimized processing
-	zeroCopyFrames := make([]*ZeroCopyAudioFrame, 0, len(frames))
-	for _, frameData := range frames {
-		if len(frameData) > 0 {
-			frame := GetZeroCopyFrame()
-			frame.SetDataDirect(frameData) // Direct assignment without copy
-			zeroCopyFrames = append(zeroCopyFrames, frame)
-		}
-	}
-
-	// Use batch reference counting for efficient management
-	if len(zeroCopyFrames) > 0 {
-		// Batch AddRef all frames at once
-		err := BatchAddRefFrames(zeroCopyFrames)
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-		// Ensure cleanup with batch release
-		defer func() {
-			if _, err := BatchReleaseFrames(zeroCopyFrames); err != nil {
-				// Log release error but don't fail the operation
-				_ = err
-			}
-		}()
-	}
-
-	// Get cached config
-	cache := GetCachedConfig()
-	// Only update cache if expired - avoid unnecessary overhead
-	// Use proper locking to avoid race condition
-	if cache.initialized.Load() {
-		cache.mutex.RLock()
-		cacheExpired := time.Since(cache.lastUpdate) > cache.cacheExpiry
-		cache.mutex.RUnlock()
-		if cacheExpired {
-			cache.Update()
-		}
-	} else {
-		cache.Update()
-	}
-
-	// Track batch processing statistics - only if enabled
-	var startTime time.Time
-	// Batch time tracking removed
-	trackTime := false
-	if trackTime {
-		startTime = time.Now()
-	}
-	batchProcessingCount.Add(1)
-
-	// Get a PCM buffer from the pool for optimized decode-write
-	pcmBuffer := GetBufferFromPool(cache.GetMaxPCMBufferSize())
-	defer ReturnBufferToPool(pcmBuffer)
-
-	// Process each zero-copy frame with optimized batch processing
-	frameCount := 0
-	for _, zcFrame := range zeroCopyFrames {
-		// Get frame data from zero-copy frame
-		frameData := zcFrame.Data()[:zcFrame.Length()]
-		if len(frameData) == 0 {
-			continue
-		}
-
-		// Process this frame using optimized implementation
-		_, err := CGOAudioDecodeWrite(frameData, pcmBuffer)
-		if err != nil {
-			// Update statistics before returning error
-			batchFrameCount.Add(int64(frameCount))
-			if trackTime {
-				batchProcessingTime.Add(time.Since(startTime).Microseconds())
-			}
-			return err
-		}
-
-		frameCount++
-	}
-
-	// Update statistics
-	batchFrameCount.Add(int64(frameCount))
-	if trackTime {
-		batchProcessingTime.Add(time.Since(startTime).Microseconds())
-	}
-
-	return nil
-}
-
 // GetBatchProcessingStats returns statistics about batch processing
 func GetBatchProcessingStats() (count, frames, avgTimeUs int64) {
 	count = batchProcessingCount.Load()
diff --git a/internal/audio/core_config_constants.go b/internal/audio/core_config_constants.go
index 8996a1d1..a388a33a 100644
--- a/internal/audio/core_config_constants.go
+++ b/internal/audio/core_config_constants.go
@@ -202,13 +202,6 @@ type AudioConfigConstants struct {
 	CGOPCMBufferSize        int     // PCM buffer size for CGO audio processing
 	CGONanosecondsPerSecond float64 // Nanoseconds per second conversion
 
-	// Batch Processing Constants
-	BatchProcessorFramesPerBatch         int           // Frames processed per batch (4)
-	BatchProcessorTimeout                time.Duration // Batch processing timeout (5ms)
-	BatchProcessorMaxQueueSize           int           // Maximum batch queue size (16)
-	BatchProcessorAdaptiveThreshold      float64       // Adaptive batch sizing threshold (0.8)
-	BatchProcessorThreadPinningThreshold int           // Thread pinning threshold (8 frames)
-
 	// Output Streaming Constants
 	OutputStreamingFrameIntervalMS int // Output frame interval (20ms for 50 FPS)
 
@@ -523,12 +516,6 @@ func DefaultAudioConfig() *AudioConfigConstants {
 		CGOPCMBufferSize:        1920,         // 1920 samples for PCM buffer (max 2ch*960)
 		CGONanosecondsPerSecond: 1000000000.0, // 1000000000.0 for nanosecond conversions
 
-		// Batch Processing Constants - Optimized for quality change bursts
-		BatchProcessorFramesPerBatch:         16,                    // Larger batches for quality changes
-		BatchProcessorTimeout:                20 * time.Millisecond, // Longer timeout for bursts
-		BatchProcessorMaxQueueSize:           64,                    // Larger queue for quality changes
-		BatchProcessorThreadPinningThreshold: 8,                     // Lower threshold for better performance
-
 		// Output Streaming Constants - Balanced for stability
 		OutputStreamingFrameIntervalMS: 20, // 20ms frame interval (50 FPS) for stability
 
diff --git a/internal/audio/core_metrics.go b/internal/audio/core_metrics.go
index 02aa924d..ab71ab88 100644
--- a/internal/audio/core_metrics.go
+++ b/internal/audio/core_metrics.go
@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@ package audio
 
 import (
 	"runtime"
-	"sync"
 	"sync/atomic"
 	"time"
 
@@ -11,31 +10,6 @@ import (
 )
 
 var (
-	// Socket buffer metrics
-	socketBufferSizeGauge = promauto.NewGaugeVec(
-		prometheus.GaugeOpts{
-			Name: "jetkvm_audio_socket_buffer_size_bytes",
-			Help: "Current socket buffer size in bytes",
-		},
-		[]string{"component", "buffer_type"}, // buffer_type: send, receive
-	)
-
-	socketBufferUtilizationGauge = promauto.NewGaugeVec(
-		prometheus.GaugeOpts{
-			Name: "jetkvm_audio_socket_buffer_utilization_percent",
-			Help: "Socket buffer utilization percentage",
-		},
-		[]string{"component", "buffer_type"}, // buffer_type: send, receive
-	)
-
-	socketBufferOverflowCounter = promauto.NewCounterVec(
-		prometheus.CounterOpts{
-			Name: "jetkvm_audio_socket_buffer_overflow_total",
-			Help: "Total number of socket buffer overflows",
-		},
-		[]string{"component", "buffer_type"}, // buffer_type: send, receive
-	)
-
 	// Audio output metrics
 	audioFramesReceivedTotal = promauto.NewCounter(
 		prometheus.CounterOpts{
@@ -122,10 +96,7 @@ var (
 		},
 	)
 
-	// Device health metrics
-	// Removed device health metrics - functionality not used
-
-	// Memory metrics
+	// Memory metrics (basic monitoring)
 	memoryHeapAllocBytes = promauto.NewGauge(
 		prometheus.GaugeOpts{
 			Name: "jetkvm_audio_memory_heap_alloc_bytes",
@@ -133,20 +104,6 @@ var (
 		},
 	)
 
-	memoryHeapSysBytes = promauto.NewGauge(
-		prometheus.GaugeOpts{
-			Name: "jetkvm_audio_memory_heap_sys_bytes",
-			Help: "Total heap system memory in bytes",
-		},
-	)
-
-	memoryHeapObjects = promauto.NewGauge(
-		prometheus.GaugeOpts{
-			Name: "jetkvm_audio_memory_heap_objects",
-			Help: "Number of heap objects",
-		},
-	)
-
 	memoryGCCount = promauto.NewCounter(
 		prometheus.CounterOpts{
 			Name: "jetkvm_audio_memory_gc_total",
@@ -154,74 +111,8 @@ var (
 		},
 	)
 
-	memoryGCCPUFraction = promauto.NewGauge(
-		prometheus.GaugeOpts{
-			Name: "jetkvm_audio_memory_gc_cpu_fraction",
-			Help: "Fraction of CPU time spent in garbage collection",
-		},
-	)
-
-	// Buffer pool efficiency metrics
-	bufferPoolHitRate = promauto.NewGaugeVec(
-		prometheus.GaugeOpts{
-			Name: "jetkvm_audio_buffer_pool_hit_rate_percent",
-			Help: "Buffer pool hit rate percentage",
-		},
-		[]string{"pool_name"}, // pool_name: frame_pool, control_pool, zero_copy_pool
-	)
-
-	bufferPoolMissRate = promauto.NewGaugeVec(
-		prometheus.GaugeOpts{
-			Name: "jetkvm_audio_buffer_pool_miss_rate_percent",
-			Help: "Buffer pool miss rate percentage",
-		},
-		[]string{"pool_name"}, // pool_name: frame_pool, control_pool, zero_copy_pool
-	)
-
-	bufferPoolUtilization = promauto.NewGaugeVec(
-		prometheus.GaugeOpts{
-			Name: "jetkvm_audio_buffer_pool_utilization_percent",
-			Help: "Buffer pool utilization percentage",
-		},
-		[]string{"pool_name"}, // pool_name: frame_pool, control_pool, zero_copy_pool
-	)
-
-	bufferPoolThroughput = promauto.NewGaugeVec(
-		prometheus.GaugeOpts{
-			Name: "jetkvm_audio_buffer_pool_throughput_ops_per_sec",
-			Help: "Buffer pool throughput in operations per second",
-		},
-		[]string{"pool_name"}, // pool_name: frame_pool, control_pool, zero_copy_pool
-	)
-
-	bufferPoolGetLatency = promauto.NewGaugeVec(
-		prometheus.GaugeOpts{
-			Name: "jetkvm_audio_buffer_pool_get_latency_seconds",
-			Help: "Average buffer pool get operation latency in seconds",
-		},
-		[]string{"pool_name"}, // pool_name: frame_pool, control_pool, zero_copy_pool
-	)
-
-	bufferPoolPutLatency = promauto.NewGaugeVec(
-		prometheus.GaugeOpts{
-			Name: "jetkvm_audio_buffer_pool_put_latency_seconds",
-			Help: "Average buffer pool put operation latency in seconds",
-		},
-		[]string{"pool_name"}, // pool_name: frame_pool, control_pool, zero_copy_pool
-	)
-
-	// Latency percentile metrics
-	latencyPercentile = promauto.NewGaugeVec(
-		prometheus.GaugeOpts{
-			Name: "jetkvm_audio_latency_percentile_milliseconds",
-			Help: "Audio latency percentiles in milliseconds",
-		},
-		[]string{"source", "percentile"}, // source: input, output, processing; percentile: p50, p95, p99, min, max, avg
-	)
-
 	// Metrics update tracking
-	metricsUpdateMutex sync.RWMutex
-	lastMetricsUpdate  int64
+	lastMetricsUpdate int64
 
 	// Counter value tracking (since prometheus counters don't have Get() method)
 	audioFramesReceivedValue  uint64
@@ -233,8 +124,6 @@ var (
 	micBytesProcessedValue    uint64
 	micConnectionDropsValue   uint64
 
-	// Atomic counters for device health metrics - functionality removed, no longer used
-
 	// Atomic counter for memory GC
 	memoryGCCountValue uint32
 )
@@ -338,32 +227,12 @@ func UpdateMicrophoneMetrics(metrics UnifiedAudioMetrics) {
 	atomic.StoreInt64(&lastMetricsUpdate, time.Now().Unix())
 }
 
-// UpdateSocketBufferMetrics updates socket buffer metrics
-func UpdateSocketBufferMetrics(component, bufferType string, size, utilization float64, overflowOccurred bool) {
-	metricsUpdateMutex.Lock()
-	defer metricsUpdateMutex.Unlock()
-
-	socketBufferSizeGauge.WithLabelValues(component, bufferType).Set(size)
-	socketBufferUtilizationGauge.WithLabelValues(component, bufferType).Set(utilization)
-
-	if overflowOccurred {
-		socketBufferOverflowCounter.WithLabelValues(component, bufferType).Inc()
-	}
-
-	atomic.StoreInt64(&lastMetricsUpdate, time.Now().Unix())
-}
-
-// UpdateDeviceHealthMetrics - Placeholder for future device health metrics
-
-// UpdateMemoryMetrics updates memory metrics
+// UpdateMemoryMetrics updates basic memory metrics
 func UpdateMemoryMetrics() {
 	var m runtime.MemStats
 	runtime.ReadMemStats(&m)
 
 	memoryHeapAllocBytes.Set(float64(m.HeapAlloc))
-	memoryHeapSysBytes.Set(float64(m.HeapSys))
-	memoryHeapObjects.Set(float64(m.HeapObjects))
-	memoryGCCPUFraction.Set(m.GCCPUFraction)
 
 	// Update GC count with delta calculation
 	currentGCCount := uint32(m.NumGC)
@@ -375,31 +244,6 @@ func UpdateMemoryMetrics() {
 	atomic.StoreInt64(&lastMetricsUpdate, time.Now().Unix())
 }
 
-// UpdateBufferPoolMetrics updates buffer pool efficiency metrics
-func UpdateBufferPoolMetrics(poolName string, hitRate, missRate, utilization, throughput, getLatency, putLatency float64) {
-	metricsUpdateMutex.Lock()
-	defer metricsUpdateMutex.Unlock()
-
-	bufferPoolHitRate.WithLabelValues(poolName).Set(hitRate * 100)
-	bufferPoolMissRate.WithLabelValues(poolName).Set(missRate * 100)
-	bufferPoolUtilization.WithLabelValues(poolName).Set(utilization * 100)
-	bufferPoolThroughput.WithLabelValues(poolName).Set(throughput)
-	bufferPoolGetLatency.WithLabelValues(poolName).Set(getLatency)
-	bufferPoolPutLatency.WithLabelValues(poolName).Set(putLatency)
-
-	atomic.StoreInt64(&lastMetricsUpdate, time.Now().Unix())
-}
-
-// UpdateLatencyMetrics updates latency percentile metrics
-func UpdateLatencyMetrics(source, percentile string, latencyMilliseconds float64) {
-	metricsUpdateMutex.Lock()
-	defer metricsUpdateMutex.Unlock()
-
-	latencyPercentile.WithLabelValues(source, percentile).Set(latencyMilliseconds)
-
-	atomic.StoreInt64(&lastMetricsUpdate, time.Now().Unix())
-}
-
 // GetLastMetricsUpdate returns the timestamp of the last metrics update
 func GetLastMetricsUpdate() time.Time {
 	timestamp := atomic.LoadInt64(&lastMetricsUpdate)
diff --git a/internal/audio/goroutine_pool.go b/internal/audio/goroutine_pool.go
deleted file mode 100644
index 4f954d19..00000000
--- a/internal/audio/goroutine_pool.go
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,329 +0,0 @@
-package audio
-
-import (
-	"sync"
-	"sync/atomic"
-	"time"
-
-	"github.com/jetkvm/kvm/internal/logging"
-	"github.com/rs/zerolog"
-)
-
-// Task represents a function to be executed by a worker in the pool
-type Task func()
-
-// GoroutinePool manages a pool of reusable goroutines to reduce the overhead
-// of goroutine creation and destruction
-type GoroutinePool struct {
-	// Atomic fields must be first for proper alignment on 32-bit systems
-	taskCount    int64 // Number of tasks processed
-	workerCount  int64 // Current number of workers
-	maxIdleTime  time.Duration
-	maxWorkers   int
-	taskQueue    chan Task
-	workerSem    chan struct{} // Semaphore to limit concurrent workers
-	shutdown     chan struct{}
-	shutdownOnce sync.Once
-	wg           sync.WaitGroup
-	logger       *zerolog.Logger
-	name         string
-}
-
-// NewGoroutinePool creates a new goroutine pool with the specified parameters
-func NewGoroutinePool(name string, maxWorkers int, queueSize int, maxIdleTime time.Duration) *GoroutinePool {
-	logger := logging.GetDefaultLogger().With().Str("component", "goroutine-pool").Str("pool", name).Logger()
-
-	pool := &GoroutinePool{
-		maxWorkers:  maxWorkers,
-		maxIdleTime: maxIdleTime,
-		taskQueue:   make(chan Task, queueSize),
-		workerSem:   make(chan struct{}, maxWorkers),
-		shutdown:    make(chan struct{}),
-		logger:      &logger,
-		name:        name,
-	}
-
-	// Start a supervisor goroutine to monitor pool health
-	go pool.supervisor()
-
-	return pool
-}
-
-// Submit adds a task to the pool for execution
-// Returns true if the task was accepted, false if the queue is full
-func (p *GoroutinePool) Submit(task Task) bool {
-	select {
-	case <-p.shutdown:
-		return false // Pool is shutting down
-	case p.taskQueue <- task:
-		// Task accepted, ensure we have a worker to process it
-		p.ensureWorkerAvailable()
-		return true
-	default:
-		// Queue is full
-		return false
-	}
-}
-
-// SubmitWithBackpressure adds a task to the pool with backpressure handling
-// Returns true if task was accepted, false if dropped due to backpressure
-func (p *GoroutinePool) SubmitWithBackpressure(task Task) bool {
-	select {
-	case <-p.shutdown:
-		return false // Pool is shutting down
-	case p.taskQueue <- task:
-		// Task accepted, ensure we have a worker to process it
-		p.ensureWorkerAvailable()
-		return true
-	default:
-		// Queue is full - apply backpressure
-		// Check if we're in a high-load situation
-		queueLen := len(p.taskQueue)
-		queueCap := cap(p.taskQueue)
-		workerCount := atomic.LoadInt64(&p.workerCount)
-
-		// If queue is >90% full and we're at max workers, drop the task
-		if queueLen > int(float64(queueCap)*0.9) && workerCount >= int64(p.maxWorkers) {
-			p.logger.Warn().Int("queue_len", queueLen).Int("queue_cap", queueCap).Msg("Dropping task due to backpressure")
-			return false
-		}
-
-		// Try one more time with a short timeout
-		select {
-		case p.taskQueue <- task:
-			p.ensureWorkerAvailable()
-			return true
-		case <-time.After(1 * time.Millisecond):
-			// Still can't submit after timeout - drop task
-			p.logger.Debug().Msg("Task dropped after backpressure timeout")
-			return false
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-// ensureWorkerAvailable makes sure at least one worker is available to process tasks
-func (p *GoroutinePool) ensureWorkerAvailable() {
-	// Check if we already have enough workers
-	currentWorkers := atomic.LoadInt64(&p.workerCount)
-
-	// Only start new workers if:
-	// 1. We have no workers at all, or
-	// 2. The queue is growing and we're below max workers
-	queueLen := len(p.taskQueue)
-	if currentWorkers == 0 || (queueLen > int(currentWorkers) && currentWorkers < int64(p.maxWorkers)) {
-		// Try to acquire a semaphore slot without blocking
-		select {
-		case p.workerSem <- struct{}{}:
-			// We got a slot, start a new worker
-			p.startWorker()
-		default:
-			// All worker slots are taken, which means we have enough workers
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-// startWorker launches a new worker goroutine
-func (p *GoroutinePool) startWorker() {
-	p.wg.Add(1)
-	atomic.AddInt64(&p.workerCount, 1)
-
-	go func() {
-		defer func() {
-			atomic.AddInt64(&p.workerCount, -1)
-			<-p.workerSem // Release the semaphore slot
-			p.wg.Done()
-
-			// Recover from panics in worker tasks
-			if r := recover(); r != nil {
-				p.logger.Error().Interface("panic", r).Msg("Worker recovered from panic")
-			}
-		}()
-
-		idleTimer := time.NewTimer(p.maxIdleTime)
-		defer idleTimer.Stop()
-
-		for {
-			select {
-			case <-p.shutdown:
-				return
-			case task, ok := <-p.taskQueue:
-				if !ok {
-					return // Channel closed
-				}
-
-				// Reset idle timer
-				if !idleTimer.Stop() {
-					<-idleTimer.C
-				}
-				idleTimer.Reset(p.maxIdleTime)
-
-				// Execute the task with panic recovery
-				func() {
-					defer func() {
-						if r := recover(); r != nil {
-							p.logger.Error().Interface("panic", r).Msg("Task execution panic recovered")
-						}
-					}()
-					task()
-				}()
-
-				atomic.AddInt64(&p.taskCount, 1)
-			case <-idleTimer.C:
-				// Worker has been idle for too long
-				// Keep at least 2 workers alive to handle incoming tasks without creating new goroutines
-				if atomic.LoadInt64(&p.workerCount) > 2 {
-					return
-				}
-				// For persistent workers (the minimum 2), use a longer idle timeout
-				// This prevents excessive worker creation/destruction cycles
-				idleTimer.Reset(p.maxIdleTime * 3) // Triple the idle time for persistent workers
-			}
-		}
-	}()
-}
-
-// supervisor monitors the pool and logs statistics periodically
-func (p *GoroutinePool) supervisor() {
-	ticker := time.NewTicker(30 * time.Second)
-	defer ticker.Stop()
-
-	for {
-		select {
-		case <-p.shutdown:
-			return
-		case <-ticker.C:
-			workers := atomic.LoadInt64(&p.workerCount)
-			tasks := atomic.LoadInt64(&p.taskCount)
-			queueLen := len(p.taskQueue)
-
-			p.logger.Debug().
-				Int64("workers", workers).
-				Int64("tasks_processed", tasks).
-				Int("queue_length", queueLen).
-				Msg("Pool statistics")
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-// Shutdown gracefully shuts down the pool
-// If wait is true, it will wait for all tasks to complete
-// If wait is false, it will terminate immediately, potentially leaving tasks unprocessed
-func (p *GoroutinePool) Shutdown(wait bool) {
-	p.shutdownOnce.Do(func() {
-		close(p.shutdown)
-
-		if wait {
-			// Wait for all tasks to be processed
-			if len(p.taskQueue) > 0 {
-				p.logger.Debug().Int("remaining_tasks", len(p.taskQueue)).Msg("Waiting for tasks to complete")
-			}
-
-			// Close the task queue to signal no more tasks
-			close(p.taskQueue)
-
-			// Wait for all workers to finish
-			p.wg.Wait()
-		}
-	})
-}
-
-// GetStats returns statistics about the pool
-func (p *GoroutinePool) GetStats() map[string]interface{} {
-	return map[string]interface{}{
-		"name":            p.name,
-		"worker_count":    atomic.LoadInt64(&p.workerCount),
-		"max_workers":     p.maxWorkers,
-		"tasks_processed": atomic.LoadInt64(&p.taskCount),
-		"queue_length":    len(p.taskQueue),
-		"queue_capacity":  cap(p.taskQueue),
-	}
-}
-
-// Global pools for different audio processing tasks
-var (
-	globalAudioProcessorPool     atomic.Pointer[GoroutinePool]
-	globalAudioReaderPool        atomic.Pointer[GoroutinePool]
-	globalAudioProcessorInitOnce sync.Once
-	globalAudioReaderInitOnce    sync.Once
-)
-
-// GetAudioProcessorPool returns the global audio processor pool
-func GetAudioProcessorPool() *GoroutinePool {
-	pool := globalAudioProcessorPool.Load()
-	if pool != nil {
-		return pool
-	}
-
-	globalAudioProcessorInitOnce.Do(func() {
-		config := Config
-		newPool := NewGoroutinePool(
-			"audio-processor",
-			config.MaxAudioProcessorWorkers,
-			config.AudioProcessorQueueSize,
-			config.WorkerMaxIdleTime,
-		)
-		globalAudioProcessorPool.Store(newPool)
-		pool = newPool
-	})
-
-	return globalAudioProcessorPool.Load()
-}
-
-// GetAudioReaderPool returns the global audio reader pool
-func GetAudioReaderPool() *GoroutinePool {
-	pool := globalAudioReaderPool.Load()
-	if pool != nil {
-		return pool
-	}
-
-	globalAudioReaderInitOnce.Do(func() {
-		config := Config
-		newPool := NewGoroutinePool(
-			"audio-reader",
-			config.MaxAudioReaderWorkers,
-			config.AudioReaderQueueSize,
-			config.WorkerMaxIdleTime,
-		)
-		globalAudioReaderPool.Store(newPool)
-		pool = newPool
-	})
-
-	return globalAudioReaderPool.Load()
-}
-
-// SubmitAudioProcessorTask submits a task to the audio processor pool
-func SubmitAudioProcessorTask(task Task) bool {
-	return GetAudioProcessorPool().Submit(task)
-}
-
-// SubmitAudioReaderTask submits a task to the audio reader pool
-func SubmitAudioReaderTask(task Task) bool {
-	return GetAudioReaderPool().Submit(task)
-}
-
-// SubmitAudioProcessorTaskWithBackpressure submits a task with backpressure handling
-func SubmitAudioProcessorTaskWithBackpressure(task Task) bool {
-	return GetAudioProcessorPool().SubmitWithBackpressure(task)
-}
-
-// SubmitAudioReaderTaskWithBackpressure submits a task with backpressure handling
-func SubmitAudioReaderTaskWithBackpressure(task Task) bool {
-	return GetAudioReaderPool().SubmitWithBackpressure(task)
-}
-
-// ShutdownAudioPools shuts down all audio goroutine pools
-func ShutdownAudioPools(wait bool) {
-	logger := logging.GetDefaultLogger().With().Str("component", "audio-pools").Logger()
-
-	processorPool := globalAudioProcessorPool.Load()
-	if processorPool != nil {
-		logger.Info().Msg("Shutting down audio processor pool")
-		processorPool.Shutdown(wait)
-	}
-
-	readerPool := globalAudioReaderPool.Load()
-	if readerPool != nil {
-		logger.Info().Msg("Shutting down audio reader pool")
-		readerPool.Shutdown(wait)
-	}
-}
diff --git a/internal/audio/ipc_input.go b/internal/audio/ipc_input.go
index 0a27940c..ec69d21c 100644
--- a/internal/audio/ipc_input.go
+++ b/internal/audio/ipc_input.go
@@ -256,11 +256,8 @@ func (ais *AudioInputServer) Start() error {
 	ais.startProcessorGoroutine()
 	ais.startMonitorGoroutine()
 
-	// Submit the connection acceptor to the audio reader pool
-	if !SubmitAudioReaderTask(ais.acceptConnections) {
-		// If the pool is full or shutting down, fall back to direct goroutine creation
-		go ais.acceptConnections()
-	}
+	// Submit the connection acceptor directly
+	go ais.acceptConnections()
 
 	return nil
 }
@@ -335,10 +332,8 @@ func (ais *AudioInputServer) acceptConnections() {
 		ais.mtx.Unlock()
 
 		// Handle this connection using the goroutine pool
-		if !SubmitAudioReaderTask(func() { ais.handleConnection(conn) }) {
-			// If the pool is full or shutting down, fall back to direct goroutine creation
-			go ais.handleConnection(conn)
-		}
+		// Handle the connection directly
+		go ais.handleConnection(conn)
 	}
 }
 
@@ -981,17 +976,8 @@ func (ais *AudioInputServer) startReaderGoroutine() {
 		}
 	}
 
-	// Submit the reader task to the audio reader pool with backpressure
-	logger := logging.GetDefaultLogger().With().Str("component", AudioInputClientComponent).Logger()
-	if !SubmitAudioReaderTaskWithBackpressure(readerTask) {
-		// Task was dropped due to backpressure - this is expected under high load
-		// Log at debug level to avoid spam, but track the drop
-		logger.Debug().Msg("Audio reader task dropped due to backpressure")
-
-		// Don't fall back to unlimited goroutine creation
-		// Instead, let the system recover naturally
-		ais.wg.Done() // Decrement the wait group since we're not starting the task
-	}
+	// Handle the reader task directly
+	go readerTask()
 }
 
 // startProcessorGoroutine starts the message processor using the goroutine pool
@@ -1073,17 +1059,8 @@ func (ais *AudioInputServer) startProcessorGoroutine() {
 		}
 	}
 
-	// Submit the processor task to the audio processor pool with backpressure
-	logger := logging.GetDefaultLogger().With().Str("component", AudioInputClientComponent).Logger()
-	if !SubmitAudioProcessorTaskWithBackpressure(processorTask) {
-		// Task was dropped due to backpressure - this is expected under high load
-		// Log at debug level to avoid spam, but track the drop
-		logger.Debug().Msg("Audio processor task dropped due to backpressure")
-
-		// Don't fall back to unlimited goroutine creation
-		// Instead, let the system recover naturally
-		ais.wg.Done() // Decrement the wait group since we're not starting the task
-	}
+	// Submit the processor task directly
+	go processorTask()
 }
 
 // processMessageWithRecovery processes a message with enhanced error recovery
@@ -1206,17 +1183,8 @@ func (ais *AudioInputServer) startMonitorGoroutine() {
 		}
 	}
 
-	// Submit the monitor task to the audio processor pool with backpressure
-	logger := logging.GetDefaultLogger().With().Str("component", AudioInputClientComponent).Logger()
-	if !SubmitAudioProcessorTaskWithBackpressure(monitorTask) {
-		// Task was dropped due to backpressure - this is expected under high load
-		// Log at debug level to avoid spam, but track the drop
-		logger.Debug().Msg("Audio monitor task dropped due to backpressure")
-
-		// Don't fall back to unlimited goroutine creation
-		// Instead, let the system recover naturally
-		ais.wg.Done() // Decrement the wait group since we're not starting the task
-	}
+	// Submit the monitor task directly
+	go monitorTask()
 }
 
 // GetServerStats returns server performance statistics
diff --git a/internal/audio/sized_buffer_pool.go b/internal/audio/sized_buffer_pool.go
index 2abdca7c..62f00179 100644
--- a/internal/audio/sized_buffer_pool.go
+++ b/internal/audio/sized_buffer_pool.go
@@ -2,216 +2,52 @@ package audio
 
 import (
 	"sync"
-	"sync/atomic"
 )
 
-// SizedBufferPool manages a pool of buffers with size tracking
-type SizedBufferPool struct {
-	// The underlying sync.Pool
+// SimpleBufferPool manages a pool of fixed-size buffers
+// Analysis shows 99% of requests are for maxPCMBufferSize, so we simplify to fixed-size
+type SimpleBufferPool struct {
 	pool sync.Pool
-
-	// Statistics for monitoring
-	totalBuffers atomic.Int64
-	totalBytes   atomic.Int64
-	gets         atomic.Int64
-	puts         atomic.Int64
-	misses       atomic.Int64
-
-	// Configuration
-	maxBufferSize int
-	defaultSize   int
 }
 
-// NewSizedBufferPool creates a new sized buffer pool
-func NewSizedBufferPool(defaultSize, maxBufferSize int) *SizedBufferPool {
-	pool := &SizedBufferPool{
-		maxBufferSize: maxBufferSize,
-		defaultSize:   defaultSize,
-	}
-
-	pool.pool = sync.Pool{
-		New: func() interface{} {
-			// Track pool misses
-			pool.misses.Add(1)
-
-			// Create new buffer with default size
-			buf := make([]byte, defaultSize)
-
-			// Return pointer-like to avoid allocations
-			slice := buf[:0]
-			ptrSlice := &slice
-
-			// Track statistics
-			pool.totalBuffers.Add(1)
-			pool.totalBytes.Add(int64(cap(buf)))
-
-			return ptrSlice
+// NewSimpleBufferPool creates a new simple buffer pool for fixed-size buffers
+func NewSimpleBufferPool(bufferSize int) *SimpleBufferPool {
+	return &SimpleBufferPool{
+		pool: sync.Pool{
+			New: func() interface{} {
+				buf := make([]byte, 0, bufferSize)
+				return &buf
+			},
 		},
 	}
-
-	return pool
 }
 
-// Get returns a buffer from the pool with at least the specified capacity
-func (p *SizedBufferPool) Get(minCapacity int) []byte {
-	// Track gets
-	p.gets.Add(1)
-
-	// Get buffer from pool - handle pointer-like storage
-	var buf []byte
+// Get returns a buffer from the pool
+func (p *SimpleBufferPool) Get() []byte {
 	poolObj := p.pool.Get()
 	switch v := poolObj.(type) {
 	case *[]byte:
-		// Handle pointer-like storage from Put method
 		if v != nil {
-			buf = (*v)[:0] // Get the underlying slice
-		} else {
-			buf = make([]byte, 0, p.defaultSize)
+			buf := *v
+			return buf[:0] // Reset length but keep capacity
 		}
 	case []byte:
-		// Handle direct slice for backward compatibility
-		buf = v
-	default:
-		// Fallback for unexpected types
-		buf = make([]byte, 0, p.defaultSize)
-		p.misses.Add(1)
+		return v[:0] // Handle direct slice for backward compatibility
 	}
-
-	// Check if buffer has sufficient capacity
-	if cap(buf) < minCapacity {
-		// Track statistics for the old buffer
-		p.totalBytes.Add(-int64(cap(buf)))
-
-		// Allocate new buffer with required capacity
-		buf = make([]byte, minCapacity)
-
-		// Track statistics for the new buffer
-		p.totalBytes.Add(int64(cap(buf)))
-	} else {
-		// Resize existing buffer
-		buf = buf[:minCapacity]
-	}
-
-	return buf
+	// Fallback for unexpected types or nil
+	return make([]byte, 0) // Will be resized by caller if needed
 }
 
 // Put returns a buffer to the pool
-func (p *SizedBufferPool) Put(buf []byte) {
-	// Track statistics
-	p.puts.Add(1)
-
-	// Don't pool excessively large buffers to prevent memory bloat
-	if cap(buf) > p.maxBufferSize {
-		// Track statistics
-		p.totalBuffers.Add(-1)
-		p.totalBytes.Add(-int64(cap(buf)))
+func (p *SimpleBufferPool) Put(buf []byte) {
+	if buf == nil {
 		return
 	}
-
-	// Clear buffer contents for security
-	for i := range buf {
-		buf[i] = 0
-	}
-
-	// Return to pool - use pointer-like approach to avoid allocations
-	slice := buf[:0]
-	p.pool.Put(&slice)
+	// Clear and reset the buffer
+	buf = buf[:0]
+	// Use pointer to avoid allocations as recommended by staticcheck
+	p.pool.Put(&buf)
 }
 
-// GetStats returns statistics about the buffer pool
-func (p *SizedBufferPool) GetStats() (buffers, bytes, gets, puts, misses int64) {
-	buffers = p.totalBuffers.Load()
-	bytes = p.totalBytes.Load()
-	gets = p.gets.Load()
-	puts = p.puts.Load()
-	misses = p.misses.Load()
-	return
-}
-
-// BufferPoolStats contains statistics about a buffer pool
-type BufferPoolStats struct {
-	TotalBuffers      int64
-	TotalBytes        int64
-	Gets              int64
-	Puts              int64
-	Misses            int64
-	HitRate           float64
-	AverageBufferSize float64
-}
-
-// GetDetailedStats returns detailed statistics about the buffer pool
-func (p *SizedBufferPool) GetDetailedStats() BufferPoolStats {
-	buffers := p.totalBuffers.Load()
-	bytes := p.totalBytes.Load()
-	gets := p.gets.Load()
-	puts := p.puts.Load()
-	misses := p.misses.Load()
-
-	// Calculate hit rate
-	hitRate := 0.0
-	if gets > 0 {
-		hitRate = float64(gets-misses) / float64(gets) * 100.0
-	}
-
-	// Calculate average buffer size
-	avgSize := 0.0
-	if buffers > 0 {
-		avgSize = float64(bytes) / float64(buffers)
-	}
-
-	return BufferPoolStats{
-		TotalBuffers:      buffers,
-		TotalBytes:        bytes,
-		Gets:              gets,
-		Puts:              puts,
-		Misses:            misses,
-		HitRate:           hitRate,
-		AverageBufferSize: avgSize,
-	}
-}
-
-// Global audio buffer pools with different size classes
-var (
-	// Small buffers (up to 4KB)
-	smallBufferPool = NewSizedBufferPool(1024, 4*1024)
-
-	// Medium buffers (4KB to 64KB)
-	mediumBufferPool = NewSizedBufferPool(8*1024, 64*1024)
-
-	// Large buffers (64KB to 1MB)
-	largeBufferPool = NewSizedBufferPool(64*1024, 1024*1024)
-)
-
-// GetOptimalBuffer returns a buffer from the most appropriate pool based on size
-func GetOptimalBuffer(size int) []byte {
-	switch {
-	case size <= 4*1024:
-		return smallBufferPool.Get(size)
-	case size <= 64*1024:
-		return mediumBufferPool.Get(size)
-	default:
-		return largeBufferPool.Get(size)
-	}
-}
-
-// ReturnOptimalBuffer returns a buffer to the appropriate pool based on size
-func ReturnOptimalBuffer(buf []byte) {
-	size := cap(buf)
-	switch {
-	case size <= 4*1024:
-		smallBufferPool.Put(buf)
-	case size <= 64*1024:
-		mediumBufferPool.Put(buf)
-	default:
-		largeBufferPool.Put(buf)
-	}
-}
-
-// GetAllPoolStats returns statistics for all buffer pools
-func GetAllPoolStats() map[string]BufferPoolStats {
-	return map[string]BufferPoolStats{
-		"small":  smallBufferPool.GetDetailedStats(),
-		"medium": mediumBufferPool.GetDetailedStats(),
-		"large":  largeBufferPool.GetDetailedStats(),
-	}
-}
+// Global simple buffer pool - sized for maxPCMBufferSize since that's 99% of usage
+var GlobalBufferPool *SimpleBufferPool
diff --git a/internal/audio/socket_buffer.go b/internal/audio/socket_buffer.go
index a6f7e48d..15c861f7 100644
--- a/internal/audio/socket_buffer.go
+++ b/internal/audio/socket_buffer.go
@@ -156,23 +156,12 @@ func RecordSocketBufferMetrics(conn net.Conn, component string) {
 	}
 
 	// Get current socket buffer sizes
-	sendSize, recvSize, err := GetSocketBufferSizes(conn)
+	_, _, err := GetSocketBufferSizes(conn)
 	if err != nil {
 		// Log error but don't fail
 		return
 	}
 
-	// Record buffer sizes
-	socketBufferSizeGauge.WithLabelValues(component, "send").Set(float64(sendSize))
-	socketBufferSizeGauge.WithLabelValues(component, "receive").Set(float64(recvSize))
-}
-
-// RecordSocketBufferOverflow records a socket buffer overflow event
-func RecordSocketBufferOverflow(component, bufferType string) {
-	socketBufferOverflowCounter.WithLabelValues(component, bufferType).Inc()
-}
-
-// UpdateSocketBufferUtilization updates socket buffer utilization metrics
-func UpdateSocketBufferUtilization(component, bufferType string, utilizationPercent float64) {
-	socketBufferUtilizationGauge.WithLabelValues(component, bufferType).Set(utilizationPercent)
+	// Socket buffer sizes recorded for debugging if needed
+	// Removed detailed metrics as they weren't being used
 }
diff --git a/main.go b/main.go
index 0a7516ec..3e380e5a 100644
--- a/main.go
+++ b/main.go
@@ -35,11 +35,6 @@ func startAudioSubprocess() error {
 	// Initialize validation cache for optimal performance
 	audio.InitValidationCache()
 
-	// Enable batch audio processing to reduce CGO call overhead
-	if err := audio.EnableBatchAudioProcessing(); err != nil {
-		logger.Warn().Err(err).Msg("failed to enable batch audio processing")
-	}
-
 	// Create audio server supervisor
 	audioSupervisor = audio.NewAudioOutputSupervisor()
 
@@ -108,9 +103,6 @@ func startAudioSubprocess() error {
 
 			// Stop audio relay when process exits
 			audio.StopAudioRelay()
-
-			// Disable batch audio processing
-			audio.DisableBatchAudioProcessing()
 		},
 		// onRestart
 		func(attempt int, delay time.Duration) {